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- Troubleshooting Tree to Diagnose Why a Car Won't Start CJC 8/14/90
- Copyright (c) 1990 Cooney Applied Technology
-
- Some of the steps that will be listed may contain instructions to do things
- that may be dangerous to those not aquatinted with basic safety in working
- around cars and machinery. Be careful and do not do anything that you are
- not sure of how to do and how to do safely.
-
- Use this program at your own risk, the author assumes no liability for the
- use of this program.
- #
- Does the engine crank when the key is turned?
- N:>CRANKING-SYSTEM
- Pull a wire off of a spark plug, hold it within 1/16" of a ground, and
- crank the engine. Is their a fat blue spark?
- N:>IGNITION-SYSTEM
- Y:>FUEL-SYSTEM
-
- CRANKING-SYSTEM:
- Look at dome light with door open (or turn on headlights). Is it lit?
- N:>NO-POWER
- Turn key while watching light. Does it go out?
- Y:>FADE-POWER
- Did the light stay exactly as bright?
- Y:>NO-STARTER-CURRENT
- N:>BAD-STARTER
-
- NO-STARTER-CURRENT:
- Find the Starter Relay. Turn the key, does it click?
- N:>NO-RELAY-FUNCTION
- Is there at least 6V on the Starter Relay terminal connected to the
- battery?
- N:Bad cable from battery or connections.
- When the key is turned and the relay clicks, is there at least 6V on
- the Starter Relay terminal connected to the starter?
- N:Bad Starter Relay (contacts).
- When the key is turned, is there at least 6V on the Starter terminal
- connected to the Starter Relay?
- N:Cable from Starter Relay to Starter defective or bad
- connections.
- Y:Defective Starter (open).
-
- BAD-STARTER:
- When the key is turned, is there at least 6V on the Starter terminal
- connected to the Starter Relay?
- N:Cables from Battery to Starter Relay to Starter have high
- resistance connections.
- Y:Defective Starter (jammed).
-
- NO-RELAY-FUNCTION:
- Is there at least 6V on the Starter Relay terminal connected to the
- battery?
- N:Bad cable from battery or connections.
- Remove the wire from the Starter Relay terminal that connects to the
- ignition switch. Ground this terminal. Does the engine now crank?
- Y:Bad ignition switch or wiring.
- N:Bad Starter Relay (open coil).
-
- FADE-POWER:
- Measure the voltage directly across the battery POSTS while turning
- the key. Is it at least 6V?
- N:Battery dead or defective. Jump-start, recharge, or replace.
- Y:Battery connections defective or wiring from battery to fuse
- panel defective.
-
- NO-POWER:
- Measure the voltage directly across the battery POSTS. Is it at least
- 10V?
- N:Battery dead. Jump-start, recharge, or replace.
- Y:Battery connections defective or wiring from battery to fuse
- panel defective.
-
- IGNITION-SYSTEM:
- Pull the lead off of the distributor cap that comes from the coil.
- Hold it within 1/16" of a ground, and crank the engine. Is there a
- fat blue spark?
- Y:>CAP-WIRES
- With the ignition on, is there at least 10V on the "+" terminal of the
- coil?
- N:Either the ignition ballast resistor is defective, a fuse is
- blown, or the coil primary wiring is defective.
- Connect a voltmeter across the coil "+" and "-" terminals. Crank the
- engine. Is a constant (not pulsating) voltage seen?
- Y:>GROUNDED-COIL
- Did the voltmeter show a pulsating voltage?
- N:>NO-COIL-GROUND
- Ohm out the coil to distributor wire. Is it less than 50,000 ohms?
- Y:The coil is defective.
- N:The coil to distributor wire is defective.
-
- CAP-WIRES:
- Remove the distributor cap and rotor. Are the cap contacts or rotor
- damaged or badly worn?
- Y:Replace cap & rotor.
- Crank the engine, and watch to see if the rotor turns. Did it turn?
- N:Either the distributor is broken, or the timing chain or belt
- is broken.
- Y:Sparkplug wires are likely defective, Ohm out to verify.
-
- GROUNDED-COIL:
- Does your car have points in the distributor (not electronic
- ignition)?
- N:Your electronic ignition module or its pickup unit is
- defective.
- Remove the condenser and check it for shorts. Is it shorted?
- Y:Replace condenser.
- N:Points shorted or wire from distributor to coil shorted to
- ground.
-
- NO-COIL-GROUND:
- Does your car have points in the distributor (not electronic
- ignition)?
- Y:Your electronic ignition module is defective.
- N:Points defective or wire from distributor to coil open.
-
- FUEL-SYSTEM:
- Does the gas gauge show gasoline in the tank?
- N:Fill it up dummy!
- Does your car have fuel injection?
- Y:Your car cranks and it has spark. It is most likely the fuel
- injection system is not working or not receiving fuel. You had
- best call a mechanic to check the system, it can be complex and
- dangerous! Just pulling a line loose can squirt you with 50
- PSI of stored fuel pressure! Problems might be a plugged fuel
- filter, damaged or plugged fuel lines, a defective fuel pump,
- engine computer or sensor problems, actuated rollover switch,
- bad injectors or wiring, bad pressure regulator, air flow
- sensor defective, etc.
- Remove the air cleaner and look at the choke valve or plate.
- If the engine is cold, it should be closed.
- If the engine is hot, it should be open.
- Does it look proper?
- N:Defective choke, either stuck or bad thermostatic spring or heater.
- Do you smell the strong smell of gasoline?
- N:>NO_SMELL
- It is probably flooded. Push accelerator to the floor and hold it there,
- DON'T pump it! On most cars, pushing the acceleration to the floor will also
- open the choke valve. If your choke valve doesn't open, use a screwdriver to
- block the choke open.
-
- If there is still plenty of battery charge left you can crank the engine
- until it starts. Don't crank continuously, you will damage the starter.
- Stay clear of the carburetor, the engine may backfire!
-
- If you don't want to crank, wait a FULL 2 MINUTES (or more) while holding the
- accelerator to the floor, don't pump it. Then, while still holding the
- accelerator to the floor, try to start the car.
- Did it start?
- Y:It was flooded. You probably have a choke or other carburetor
- problem.
- N:>NO_SMELL
- NO_SMELL:
- Push the choke valve open with a screwdriver. Look down the carburetor
- throat and pump the throttle. Does a jet of fuel squirt in the throat?
- Y:Well, if your car cranks, has spark, it has fuel in the
- carburetor, and isn't flooded, it should start. Either you gave an
- incorrect answer to a question , or something obscure has gone wrong.
- Try this program again, or call a mechanic.
- Remove the fuel line from the carburetor connect a piece of rubber
- fuel line to the end, and put the other end into a glass jar. Have a
- fire extinguisher handy! Crank the engine. Does fuel flow into the
- jar?
- Y:Carburetor or inlet filter defective.
- Reconnect the line to the carburetor. Remove the fuel line from the
- fuel pump side of the fuel filter and connect a piece of rubber fuel
- line to the end. Put the other end into a glass jar. Crank the
- engine. Does fuel flow into the jar?
- Y:Plugged fuel filter.
- N:The fuel pump is defective, although it is possible that
- instead the lines to the fuel tank or pickup in the tank are
- clogged.